Realistic range of radioactivity of uranium blocks

Fully-depleted uranium doesn't lack noticeable radioactivity.  The
radioactivity of enriched uranium is dominated by the U-234 fraction,
not U-235.

diff --git a/technic/items.lua b/technic/items.lua
index b974b95dbb39bc4188298a73360d2fcf91abb2ef..3c00dd98ce710acbd2acad66be8e64fda702907a 100644 (file)
--- a/technic/items.lua
+++ b/technic/items.lua
@@ -170,11 +170,42 @@ for p = 0, 35 do
                inventory_image = "technic_uranium_ingot.png",
                groups = {uranium_ingot=1, not_in_creative_inventory=nici},
        });
+       -- Note on radioactivity of blocks:
+       -- Source: <http://www.wise-uranium.org/rup.html>
+       -- The baseline radioactivity of an isotope is not especially
+       -- correlated with whether it's fissile (i.e., suitable as
+       -- reactor fuel).  Natural uranium consists mainly of fissile
+       -- U-235 and non-fissile U-238, and both U-235 and U-238 are
+       -- significantly radioactive.  U-235's massic activity is
+       -- about 80.0 MBq/kg, and U-238's is about 12.4 MBq/kg, which
+       -- superficially suggests that 3.5%-fissile uranium should have
+       -- only 1.19 times the activity of fully-depleted uranium.
+       -- But a third isotope affects the result hugely: U-234 has
+       -- massic activity of 231 GBq/kg.  Natural uranium has massic
+       -- composition of 99.2837% U-238, 0.711% U-235, and 0.0053% U-234,
+       -- so its activity comes roughly 49% each from U-234 and U-238
+       -- and only 2% from U-235.  During enrichment via centrifuge,
+       -- the U-234 fraction is concentrated along with the U-235, with
+       -- the U-234:U-235 ratio remaining close to its original value.
+       -- (Actually the U-234 gets separated from U-238 slightly more
+       -- than the U-235 is, so the U-234:U-235 ratio is slightly
+       -- higher in enriched uranium.)  A typical massic composition
+       -- for 3.5%-fissile uranium is 96.47116% U-238, 3.5% U-235, and
+       -- 0.02884% U-234.  This gives 3.5%-fissile uranium about 6.55
+       -- times the activity of fully-depleted uranium.  The values we
+       -- compute here for the "radioactive" group value are based on
+       -- linear interpolation of activity along that scale, rooted at
+       -- a natural (0.7%-fissile) uranium block having the activity of
+       -- 9 uranium ore blocks (due to 9 ingots per block).  The group
+       -- value is proportional to the square root of the activity,
+       -- and uranium ore has radioactive=1.  This yields radioactive=2
+       -- for a fully-depleted uranium block and radioactive=5 for a
+       -- 3.5%-fissile uranium block.
        (ov or minetest.register_node)(block, {
                description = string.format(S("%.1f%%-Fissile Uranium Block"), p/10),
                tiles = {"technic_uranium_block.png"},
                is_ground_content = true,
-               groups = {uranium_block=1, not_in_creative_inventory=nici, cracky=1, level=2, radioactive=math.floor(math.sqrt(p) + 0.5)},
+               groups = {uranium_block=1, not_in_creative_inventory=nici, cracky=1, level=2, radioactive=math.floor(math.sqrt((1+5.55*p/35) * 9 / (1+5.55*7/35)) + 0.5)},
                sounds = default.node_sound_stone_defaults(),
        });
        if not ov then